Find and Compare Bike Pedals for your Cycling
Before you can easily begin to adjust anything however, you need to get your saddle at more or less the right height and to make sure that it is more or less level.
Also there are two more adjustments that can be made if the pedal allows it: changing the height and changing what is termed the "cant", which is the degree to which your foot tips from inside to out or vice versa. These two become more important if there are any issues with knee problems, or unusual foot positions.
The aim of all these movements is to put your foot and knee into a reasonably natural position, so that any unnecessary strain on joints is avoided.
In general with clipless pedals the aim is to position the ball of your foot directly above the pedal, although the exact position chosen often varies from rider to rider, depending on personal preferences. However as a general rule the third metatarsal is treated as the centre of the ball of your foot and the cleat is adjusted to allow this to centre above the pedal spindle.
To a large extent any lateral change in position also depends on whether you naturally have your toe pointing outwards or inwards. If you "toe-out” then it's possible that you will need to move your foot further away from the crank, to avoid your heel hitting it as you pedal.
It is also important to take into account comfort levels and the possibility of straining joints and muscles if you don't allow enough movement.
The variation that is possible is known as "float" and is quoted in millimetres or degrees.
If you opt for a relatively fixed position, be prepared to spend plenty of time on practice rides to achieve a comfortable position.
If you like a less rigid feel then many pedals have quite a wide range of float. This is particularly suitable for riders who are new to clipless pedals, as it is much easier to get used to than a fixed position.
A modest drop of oil onto moving parts and pivots should also be part of your regular maintenance routine.